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Abstract
Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi. Symptoms of typhoid fever usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and include fever/hyperthermia, nausea, and loss of appetite. Hyperthermia is a condition where the body temperature exceeds normal limits. One measure to reduce fever is surface cooling. This is done for 15 to 30 minutes or until the child's body temperature decreases. This study aims to describe the application of surface cooling techniques in children with typhoid fever and hyperthermia. This study was conducted at Puri Medika Hospital with 4 respondents on April 2024, diagnosed with typhoid fever. The assessment results showed that An. A, An. B, An. K, and An. G had fevers with temperatures of 37.8°C; 38.5°C; 38°C; and 38.2°C, respectively. The nursing diagnosis in the four patients was hyperthermia related to the disease process. Nursing interventions in pediatric patients included monitoring body temperature and applying warm compresses with surface cooling techniques. The nursing implementation was the application of surface cooling techniques and the actions were quite effective in lowering the child's temperature. The evaluation results showed that the body temperature of An. A, An K, and An G was 36.5°C, and the temperature of An B was 37°C. Nurses are expected to be able to apply surface cooling techniques in the management of hyperthermia in children.
Keywords: surface cooling; typhoid fever; hyperthermia.