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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Language development delay in preschool children is a serious issue that affects cognitive, social, and emotional aspects of child, so that children tend to experience obstacles in interacting, expressing themselves, and adapting to the learning environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between parental communication patterns and the risk of language development delay in preschool-aged children.
This research employed a correlational analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of all preschool children aged 3–5 years at PAUD/TK Islam Budi Mulia Padang, with a total sample of 46 children selected through total sampling.
Language development was assessed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) observation sheet. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most respondents whose parents applied a democratic communication pattern were not at risk of language development delay (29 respondents or 96.7%). A small number of respondents had parents with authoritarian and permissive communication styles and were also not at risk (2 respondents or 6.2%).
The Chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between parental communication patterns and the risk of language development delay in preschool children. This research is expected to serve as an additional reference for future studies. It is recommended that PAUD/TK institutions and parents increase early language stimulation in children.